Jīhān ibn Abī al-Ḥasan

Jīhān ibn Abī al-Ḥasan al-Farghānī related to us. He said: Shujāʿ ibn Makhlad al-Baghdādī related to us. He said: Marwān ibn Muʿāwiya al-Fazārī related to us, from Abū Ḥanīfa, may God be pleased with him, from Qatāda, from Abū Qilāba, from Abū Thaʿlaba: The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, prohibited eating any fanged beast of prey and any bird with talons.

I heard Jīhān ibn Abī al-Ḥasan say: I heard Khālid ibn Yazīd al-ʿUmarī in Mecca—I wrote down reports from him in the year 229—say: Abū Ḥanīfa, Abū Yūsuf, Zufar, Muḥammad, and Ḥammād ibn Abī Ḥanīfa, may God be pleased with them, were the people most discerning in theological disputation. They argued and debated with people, overcoming those with whom they spoke. They are leaders in knowledge.

Jīhān ibn Abī al-Ḥasan al-Farghānī related to us. He said: Bishr ibn Yaḥyā related to us. He said: I heard Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥasan say: I heard Abū Yūsuf, may God have mercy on them both, say: When Rabīʿa ibn Abī ʿAbd al-Raḥmān came to Kufa, I prepared a question for him on which Abū Ḥanīfa and Ibn Abī Laylā differed. I said to myself: “I will ask him. If he answers according to Abū Ḥanīfa’s view, may God have mercy on him, I will debate him according to Ibn Abī Laylā’s school. If he answers according to Ibn Abī Laylā’s view, may God have mercy on him, I will debate him according to Abū Ḥanīfa’s school, may God have mercy on him.” I wanted him to be asked in Abū Ḥanīfa’s presence, may God have mercy on him, so I waited for an occasion when the two met. I asked Rabīʿa: “What do you say about an enslaved man jointly owned by two people, when one of them frees his share and is well-off?” He said: “No part of the enslaved man becomes free.” He answered neither according to Abū Ḥanīfa’s view nor according to Ibn Abī Laylā’s, and what I had prepared fell apart. Abū Ḥanīfa realized this and began to smile. I said to Rabīʿa: “Why does the enslaved man not become free?” He said: “Because it harms his partner. The Prophet, peace be upon him, said: ‘There is neither harm nor reciprocal harm in Islam.’” Abū Ḥanīfa said to him: “If it is as you say, the harm falls on the person freeing him, rather than his partner.” He said: “How?” He said: “Because his partner can seek compensation from him for what leaves his ownership, while the person freeing him is prevented from freeing his slave and disposing of his property. The harm to him is greater than that to his partner.” Rabīʿa was unable to reply and fell silent.

Jīhān ibn Abī al-Ḥasan related to us. He said: I heard Bishr ibn Yaḥyā say: I heard Ibn al-Mubārak say: I did not occupy myself with Sufyān al-Thawrī until I had heard Abū Ḥanīfa’s books: his transmitted reports and legal questions.

Jīhān ibn Abī al-Ḥasan related to us. He said: I heard Bishr ibn Yaḥyā say: I heard Ibn al-Mubārak say: Had I missed Abū Ḥanīfa, I would have been like everyone else.

Jīhān ibn Abī al-Ḥasan related to us. He said: I heard Bishr ibn Yaḥyā say: I heard Ibn al-Mubārak say: Sufyān is Sufyān. But when Abū Ḥanīfa comes, he is something else. God came to my aid through him; God came to my aid through him.

Jīhān ibn Abī al-Ḥasan related to us. He said: I heard Bishr ibn Yaḥyā say: I was with Ibn al-Mubārak when a man came and said: ‘Abū ʿAbd al-Raḥmān! I want to go to Iraq.’ He said: ‘What will you do in Iraq? If you want pure, explained knowledge, there is Abū Ḥanīfa. If you want what your companions and those who differ want, there is Sufyān ibn Saʿīd al-Thawrī.’

The phrase المختلفون is rendered “those who differ” without identifying an unstated group.

Jīhān ibn Abī al-Ḥasan related to us. He said: Ḥibbān ibn Mūsā related to us. He said: I heard Ibn al-Mubārak say: If Abū Ḥanīfa and Sufyān held one view, and the scholars of this age held another, I would adopt Abū Ḥanīfa’s and Sufyān’s view.

Jīhān ibn Abī al-Ḥasan related to us. He said: Bishr ibn Yaḥyā related to us, from Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥasan, may God have mercy on him, who said: I heard Abū Ḥanīfa, may God have abundant mercy on him, say: My mother said: ‘I saw blood before my days of purity were complete. I do not know whether to stop praying. Go to Abū ʿAbd al-Raḥmān, ask him about this question, and see what he says.’ I went to ʿUmar ibn Dharr and asked him. He said to me: ‘State your own view, [then] relate it to me, so that I can relate it [to you] as an answer. Then tell your mother that it comes from me.’ I told him my answer to the question, and he answered me accordingly. I went to my mother and told her this from ʿUmar ibn Dharr. May God have mercy on them all.

Jīhān ibn Abī al-Ḥasan related to us. He said: Bishr ibn Yaḥyā related to us. He said: Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥasan related to us. He said: Abū Yūsuf informed us, may God have mercy on them. He said: I saw Abū Ḥanīfa, may God have mercy on him, take his mother on a donkey to ʿUmar ibn Dharr’s gathering, unwilling to refuse his mother’s request.

Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn Sahl related to us: I heard Abū Yūsuf al-Dashtakī al-Rāzī say: Abū Yaḥyā al-Ḥimmānī related to us. And Ibrāhīm ibn ʿAlī ibn al-Ḥasan al-Tirmidhī related to us: Muḥammad ibn Fuḍayl al-Tirmidhī related to us, from Abū Yaḥyā al-Ḥimmānī. And Jayhān ibn Abī al-Ḥasan related to us: Muḥammad ibn al-Fuḍayl related to us: Abū Yaḥyā al-Ḥimmānī related to us: Salm ibn Sālim related to us, from Abū al-Juwayriyya, who said: I accompanied Ḥammād ibn Abī Sulaymān, ʿAlqama ibn Marthad, Muḥārib ibn Dithār, and ʿAwn ibn ʿAbd Allāh—may God have mercy on them—and I accompanied Abū Ḥanīfa—may God have mercy on him. None of those men spent his nights better than Abū Ḥanīfa—may God be pleased with him. I accompanied him for six months and never saw him lie down for a single night.

Jayhān ibn Abī al-Ḥasan related to us: Muḥammad ibn Jaʿfar al-Kūfī related to us: Ibrāhīm related to us, from Yāsīn al-Zayyāt, who said: An important question arose for me in the middle of the night, and I had to ask about it. I went to Abū Ḥanīfa—may God have mercy on him—and asked permission to enter. He granted it, and I went in while he was standing in prayer. I waited until he finished, then put the question to him. He answered it and relieved my difficulty. I pray for him after every prayer just as I pray for myself, because of the Muslims’ need for him.

Jayhān ibn [Abī] al-Ḥasan al-Farghānī related to us: Aḥmad ibn Ḥājj al-Naysābūrī related to us: Ibn al-Sammāk related to us, from Abū Ḥanīfa—may God have mercy on him—who said: I heard Abū Jaʿfar say: There is no one in Iraq better than al-Ḥasan.